There is a Peter Foy, age 45, in 1871 census for Nipissing South District, sub district Bonnechere, who is the right age, and was born in Quebec, that is likely him (page 5).

Age of 56 as of 1881 census for Hagarty & James Township, page 9. Lived with his wife, kids, and Thomas Foy, whom I believe was his older brother.

Birth province as of 1891 census of his son Peter. Peter had passed away by then. If Thomas is his brother, than Peter & Thomas’ father was from Ireland, and their mother from Quebec, as per the 1891 census.